Load Limit Definitions
حد حمل العمل (ذ.م.م)
Safe Working Load (SWL) sometimes stated as the Normal Working Load (NWL) is the maximum safe force that a piece of lifting equipment, lifting device or accessory can exert to lift, suspend, or lower, a given mass without fear of breaking. Usually marked on the equipment by the manufacturer.
Other synonyms include حد حمل العمل (ذ.م.م), which is the maximum working load designed by the manufacturer. This load represents a force that is much less than that required to make the lifting equipment fail or yield, also known as the Minimum Breaking Load (مبل). SWL or WLL are calculated by dividing MBL by a safety factor (SF).
As such:
WLL = MBL / SF
Breaking Strength/Ultimate Strength
لا تستخدم قوة الكسر كمعيار لأغراض الخدمة أو التصميم. راجع حد حمل العمل بدلاً من ذلك.
عامل التصميم (sometimes referred to as safety factor)
Factors of safety (FoS), also known as (and used interchangeably with) safety factor (SF), is a term describing the load carrying capacity of a system beyond the expected or actual loads.
Essentially, the factor of safety is how much stronger the system is than it usually needs to be for an intended load. Safety factors are often calculated using detailed analysis because comprehensive testing is impractical on many projects, such as bridges and buildings, but the structure’s ability to carry load must be determined to a reasonable accuracy.
Shock Load
حمولة ناتجة عن التغيير السريع للحركة, مثل التأثير, jerking or swinging of a static load. إن الإطلاق المفاجئ للتوتر هو شكل آخر من أشكال تحميل الصدمات. تكون أحمال الصدمات أكبر بشكل عام من الأحمال الساكنة. يجب مراعاة أي تحميل صدمة عند اختيار العنصر لاستخدامه في النظام.
Proof Test Load (Proof Load)
The term “Proof Test” designates a quality control test applied to the product for the sole purpose of detecting defects in material or manufacture. تحميل اختبار الإثبات (عادة ضعف حد حمل العمل) is the load which the product withstood without deformation when new and under laboratory test conditions. A constantly increasing force is applied in direct line to the product at a uniform rate of speed on a standard pull testing machine. The Proof Test Load does not mean the Working Load Limit should ever be exceeded.
The Standare Assembly of Proof Load Test WaterFilled Bags
